Effect of Date of Sowing and Spacing of Plants on Yield and Quality of Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) Grown in an Arid Environment

Little is known about how Indian farming practices affect German chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.). This study examines the effects of sowing date and spacing plants on flower productivity, essential oil concentration, composition grown in arid zone Rajasthan, India. In a factorial randomized block design (FRBD), treatments consisted four dates (15 25 October, 5 15 November) three spacings (20 × 10 cm, 30 40 cm). The dried yield (Kg ha−1), fresh number flowers per plant crop were significantly affected by varying sowing. highest values for dry weight, obtained from second (25 October) with cm geometry. Likewise, total (12.44%) (0.94%) contents also D2P3 combination (D2—sowing P3—40 plants). GC/MS analyses samples showed that p-menth-1-en-4-ol, acetate, cis-alpha-farnesene, anethole+estragol, 1,4-cyclohexadiene,1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)- 3,6-dihydro-4-(4-methyl-3-pentenyl)-1,2-dithiin main identified compounds flowers. altered quality profile oils general. principal components treatment. findings this add to our understanding grow high-quality regions.